Word of the Day-craven

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craven adjective : lacking the least bit of courage : contemptibly fainthearted

Exampled Sentence
Lavinia thought it was craven of Alex to cave into pressure and retract his allegations instead of defending his position.

Did you know?
"Craven" and its synonyms "dastardly" and "pusillanimous" are all basically fancy words for "cowardly." Don't be afraid to use them — here's a little information to help you recognize the subtle distinctions in their connotations. "Craven" suggests extreme defeatism and complete lack of resistance. One might speak of "craven yes-men." "Dastardly" often implies behavior that is both cowardly and treacherous or skulking or outrageous, as in this example: "a dastardly attack on unarmed civilians." "Pusillanimous" suggests a contemptible lack of courage (e.g., "After the attack, one editorialist characterized the witnesses as 'the pusillanimous bystanders'").

*Indicates the sense illustrated in the example sentence.

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Word of the Day-chaff

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chaff \chaf\, noun, verb:

1. the stiff strawlike part of grains such as wheat, oats, rye

2. to make good-natured fun of someone

3. worthless material; detritus

Chaff is separated from the grain by threshing.

It's hard to separate the chaff from the wheat sometimes.

The kids chaffed the exchange student for her mistakes in grammar.

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Word of the Day-bulwark

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Definition: (noun) A protective structure of stone or concrete; extends from shore into the water to prevent a beach from washing away.

Synonyms:
breakwater, groyne, jetty, seawall, mole

Usage: We ran to the end of the bulwark to watch the waves break against the unyielding structure.


1. to defend or protect, serve as a bulwark; shelter

2. a person, thing, or concept that is a defense or protection

3. an embankment of earth or other material used as a defense against a threat; rampart(堡垒)

4. the sides of a ship extending like a fence above the deck level(舷墙)

The French eventually prevailed, and Asher and his ally Alex were kicked up north to the town of Siem Reap, where they helped reconstruct the earthquake-damaged Elephant Wall, an infuriatingly complicated Khmer bulwark that had fallen into several hundred pieces some centuries ago.
-- Robert Bingham, Lightning on the Sun

Originally a set of largely structural guarantees applying only against the federal government, the Bill has become a bulwark of rights against all government conduct.
-- Akhil Reed Amar, The Bill of Rights: Creation and Reconstruction

The country has overwhelming importance to America as a strategic ally in a highly volatile Islamic region; indeed, Washington is counting on it to be a bulwark against the spread of Islamic fundamentalism into Europe.
-- Jeffrey E. Garten, The Big Ten: The Big Emerging Markets and How They Will
Change Our Lives

For Laura's mother the church, in addition to what spiritual significance it possessed, stood out as a bulwark of civilization in the midst of a still forming, rough frontier culture.
-- John E. Miller, Becoming Laura Ingalls Wilder: The Woman Behind the Legend

Today we bulwark an older, liberal-Christian Europe against newer atheistic totalitarian forces.
-- Daniel J. Boorstin, We, the People, in Quest of Ourselves,
New York Times, 20207
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